Planning Applications in the UK: A Complete Guide for Homeowners & Developers
Thinking of building an extension, developing land, or making significant changes to your property? If so, you’ll likely need to submit a planning application in the UK to your local authority. Understanding how planning applications in the UK work can save you time, money, and stress.
In this guide, we break down the types of planning permission, costs, processing times, and key considerations—so you can go into the process with confidence and avoid costly mistakes.
What Is a Planning Application in the UK?
A planning application in the UK is a formal request to your local council seeking permission to carry out building work or changes to a property or land. The process exists to ensure all developments align with local planning policies, preserve the environment, and are appropriate for the character of the area
You can submit an application online through the official Planning Portal
Common Types of Planning Applications in the UK
When submitting planning applications in the UK, it’s important to know which type of permission applies to your project. Depending on the nature and scale of your proposed development, you may need to apply for a specific type of planning permission:
1. Full Planning Permission
This is the most comprehensive form of permission and is required for:
• New builds
• Large extensions
• Conversions or changes of use (e.g. turning a house into flats)
2. Outline Planning Permission
Outline planning is a preliminary approval that confirms whether the council agrees to the development in principle. It allows you to test your idea before investing in detailed architectural plans.
3. Reserved Matters Application
Once you have outline permission, a reserved matters application must follow to get approval for specific details such as:
• Design
• Materials
• Layout
• Landscaping
4. Listed Building Consent
If your property is a listed building, you must apply for listed building consent before making
any changes—even if full planning permission isn’t required. This protects the building’s
historical and architectural value
Planning Application Costs in the UK (2025 Update)
The cost of a planning application varies based on location, type, and scale of your proposed
development. Here’s a rough breakdown: ⚖️
Standard Application Fees (as of 2025)
Application Type England Wales Scotland
Full (new dwelling) £462 per 0.1 ha £460 £401
Householder Application £206 £230 £202
Approval of Conditions £116 per request (UK-wide)
💡 Tip: Always check your local planning authority’s website for up-to-date fees
Planning Portal Site
Additional Costs to Consider
Beyond the application fee, you may need to budget for:
- Architectural drawings
- Consultant reports (e.g., flood risk, ecology, transport)
- Planning consultant fees
- Surveys (topographical, tree, bat, etc.)
These can range from a few hundred to several thousand pounds, depending on complexity.
✍️Cutting costs on expert reports or skipping detailed plans might lead to rejection, delays, or the need for reapplication—costing you more in the long run.
Why Do You Need Planning Permission?
Most planning applications in the UK are required to ensure developments comply with national and local policies.
- Complies with local planning policy
- Is sensitive to the environment
- Maintains the character of the area
- Does not negatively impact the community
Royal Town Planning Institute for policy info
When Is Planning Permission Required?
You’ll likely need planning permission if you are:
- Building a new structure
- Extending your home significantly
- Changing the use of a building (e.g., from residential to commercial)
- Working on a listed property
- Making changes that affect the external appearance of a buildingSome smaller changes may fall under Permitted Development Rights and not require permission. Always check with your Local Planning Authority (LPA) before starting any work
How Long Do Planning Applications in the UK Take?
The timeframe for planning permission depends on the size and complexity of the project:
Type of Application Average Processing Time
Householder/Minor 8 weeks
Major Developments 13–16+ weeks
Complex Projects Several months to years
What Factors Affect Planning Permission Approval?
Your application will be assessed against several factors:
1. Local Development Plan
Your proposal must comply with your local council’s planning policies.
2. Environmental Impact
Effects on wildlife, trees, flood risk, and sustainability are evaluated.
3. Design & Appearance
Visual harmony with surrounding buildings and the area’s character is crucial.
4. Impact on Neighbours & Community
Issues such as privacy, traffic, light, and noise will be taken into account
How Often Is Planning Permission Refused?
While most householder applications are approved, larger or riskier developments have a
higher refusal rate.
You’re more likely to be refused if:
- Your design is poor or inconsistent with the area
- You don’t provide the necessary documentation
- You ignore pre-application advice from the counci
How Long Does Planning Permission Last?
Once granted, planning permission typically remains valid for three years from the date of approval. If you don’t start construction within that timeframe, you’ll need to reapply.
🔁 If your permission is about to expire, you may be able to submit a new application with the same design, depending on updated policies.
Final Thoughts: Planning Ahead Is Key
Planning applications can seem overwhelming—but being informed and prepared makes a huge difference. To maximize your chances of success:
- Start with a clear concept and sketch
- Hire a qualified architect or planning consultant
- Budget realistically for fees + reports
- Consult your LPA early in the process
- Submit a complete and high-quality application
✅ Pro tip: Use pre-application advice services from your local council—they often provide crucial insights before you submit